中国A股市场动量效应的特征和形成机理研究On Characteristics and Formation Mechanisms of Momentum Effect in China's A-share Market
高秋明,胡聪慧,燕翔
摘要(Abstract):
动量效应不仅是学术研究的热点,而且在实务上也有广泛的应用。长期以来,关于我国股票市场是否存在动量效应一直存在争议,而且现有研究缺乏对动量效应的表现形式、利润来源和形成机理的深入剖析。基于此,文章利用我国A股市场1994-2011年股票收益率数据对动量效应进行了重新检验。结果表明:(1)我国A股市场不存在显著的月度频率上的动量效应,而当形成期为2-4周、持有期为1-3周时则存在稳定的动量收益;(2)规模、账面市值比和行业等因素可以解释约50%的动量收益;(3)现有行为金融理论并不能解释我国动量效应在不同规模、不同账面市值比和不同换手率股票间的显著差异,动量效应在赢家组合和输家组合中具有不同的形成机理。
关键词(KeyWords): 动量效应;行为金融;股票收益预测
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(71172026)
作者(Author): 高秋明,胡聪慧,燕翔
DOI: 10.16538/j.cnki.jfe.2014.02.007
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- ①这些研究都是利用股票月度收益率数据,检验买入过去6个月表现最好的股票、卖出过去6个月表现最差的股票的获利性。
- ②潘莉和徐建国(2011)选取的样本期间为1995-2008年,他们采用不同时间频率上的数据验证了动量效应的存在性,但没有探讨动量效应的成因。
- ③Chordia和Shivakumar(2002)认为,滞后期的平均股息和通货膨胀率等宏观经济变量可以解释动量收益。考虑到中国A股市场上只存在4周以内的动量效应,本文没有将低时间频率上的宏观经济变量作为共同因素。但本文引入了行业因素,这在一定程度上捕捉了宏观因素变化对股票收益的影响。