风险态度对中国城乡家庭创业的影响分析——来自中国家庭金融调查3期面板数据的证据Attitudes toward Risk and Family Entrepreneurship:An Empirical Analysis Based on China Household Finance Survey in 2011, 2013 and 2015
张云亮;冯珺;赵奇锋;柳建坤;
摘要(Abstract):
文章基于2011年、2013年和2015年中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)三期面板数据,实证研究了风险态度对中国城乡家庭创业决策和创业强度的影响,并对影响创业规模的作用机制进行了识别和检验。研究发现:(1)家庭风险偏好越高越有利于家庭作出创业决策和经营决策,通过工具变量对潜在的内生性问题进行处理后,这种影响依然显著,并且该效应在城镇居住的农村户籍家庭中表现得更为明显;(2)偏好风险的家庭更能拓宽正式和非正式融资渠道,缓解融资约束,从而更有利于其作出家庭创业和经营决策;(3)偏好风险的家庭具有更高的人际信任水平,从而更有可能进行家庭创业或提升创业规模。文章为理解风险态度影响家庭创业行为选择和家庭创业强度的作用机制提供了新的经验证据,从而为中国经济在由高速增长阶段向高质量发展阶段的转型过程中如何更好地激励家庭创业、促进初创企业融资提供了政策参考。
关键词(KeyWords): 创业决策;创业强度;风险偏好;融资约束
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Author): 张云亮;冯珺;赵奇锋;柳建坤;
Email:
DOI: 10.16538/j.cnki.jfe.2020.03.011
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- (1)2011年是CHFS首轮调查,样本量为8 438户,覆盖全国25个省、80个县(县级市)、320个村(社区);2013年调查覆盖全国29个省、262个县(县级市)、1 048个村(社区),共计28 143户家庭;2015年调查覆盖全国29个省、353个县(县级市)、1 373个村(社区),共计37348户家庭。总体而言,CHFS的调查样本具有全国、省级、副省级城市等不同层次的代表性。