美貌能提高创业收入吗?Can Beauty Raise Entrepreneurs' Income?
黄玖立;田媛;
摘要(Abstract)：
创业是我国经济转型升级的重要驱动力之一,创业者本身的人力资本在整个创业活动中起着基础性的决定作用。而美貌作为特殊的人力资本是一种稀缺资源,具备美貌的个体在各种社会交往博弈过程中具备更高的议价能力,从而能够争取到更好的机会、占据更多的资源,进而享受所谓的"美貌溢价"。文章将"美貌经济学"的讨论限制在创业劳动力样本中,以探讨在创业劳动力市场中,是否同样存在着类似的美貌溢价现象。文章基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)和中国劳动力动态调查(CLDS)数据考察了创业者的外貌与其创业收入之间的关系。研究发现,在控制了创业者的个体特征以及外部环境特征之后,外貌对创业者的收入有着正向促进作用,也即外貌更具吸引力的创业者能够获得更高的收入。相较于女性创业者,美貌更加能显著提升男性创业者的收入,且美貌的溢价作用在不同收入水平的创业者群体中存在差异。
关键词(KeyWords)： 外貌;收入;创业;劳动力
基金项目(Foundation): 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(63182007)
作者(Author): 黄玖立;田媛;
Email:
DOI: 10.16538/j.cnki.jfe.2018.11.010
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- (1)Pfann等(2000)使用荷兰广告公司数据的研究证实,长相好的经理能够为公司创造更高的、远超经理个人收入的营业收入,因而经理的相貌可以视为公司的美貌资本,但该文仅限于广告行业。
- (2)关于美貌与就业和收入的更多研究可参见Liu和Sierminska(2014)的综述论文。
- (1)CFPS调查不包括西藏、青海、新疆、宁夏、内蒙古和海南六个省区,以及中国香港、澳门特别行政区和台湾省。CLDS调查不包括西藏和海南,以及中国香港、澳门特别行政区和台湾省。
- (2)代表性研究包括Minns和Rizov(2005)、Nunziata(2011)、阮荣平等(2014)和吴晓瑜等(2014)。
- (3)该问题的其他选项包括“不适用”、“拒绝回答”和“不知道”,我们设为缺失。
- (1)此处特别感谢匿名审稿专家的宝贵意见。
- (1)当然,男性样本和女性样本的观测值数不同,估计系数不能直接比较。
- (1)代表性研究包括Minns和Rizov(2005)、Nunziata(2011)、阮荣平等(2014)和吴晓瑜等(2014)。
- (1)加入固定效应的估计过程不收敛。
- (2)即便如此,我们仍然无法准确刻画创业活动的工作强度。